The position of a country within modern international division of work is determined on the basis of utilisation of the latest achievements of science and technology at its economy. This is the time when scientific-technological development, more than ever, becomes the paradigm of reputation and prestige of some socio-economic community. The essence of technological progress is optimal use of the production factor. Competitivness of a company and a country, as a whole, can be attained only in this way. In order to obtain a corrersponding basis for scientific technological progress, there have been provided adequate measures for improvement of scientific research basis in our country. On the basis of experience at utilisation of programmes for financing of innovation processes at OECD countries, utilisation of the most adequate instruments in Serbia is recommended and this is: grants for early stage of commertialisation and entrepreneurship capital for later stage. The possibilities for adjusting of these instruments are different at conditions characteristic for many countries including the countries of our region.