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Abstract
This study assesses the livelihood sustainability of smallholder livestock farmers in the Northeast Region of Thailand. Three livestock farming systems, ruminant (RM), non-ruminant (NRM), and mixed livestock farming (MF) were analysed. A total of 205 households were sampled in a district that focuses on livestock farming. Linear discriminant analysis was used to identify significant contributing factors to sustainability. For RM and MF, the income-expenditure ratio was identified as a significant factor, and for NRM the significant factor is adequate experience with livestock rearing. The results suggest that livestock farming is a good livelihood option for smallholders. Human assets are vital and need to be improved through training supported by appropriate information systems for livelihood improvement. The concerned agencies, particularly government and local organizations, could be more proactively involved in terms of policy planning, project formulation, and implementation.