Agricultural insurance has been implemented for more than ten years in China. It is of great significance to analyse the impact of agricultural insurance on agricultural production in order to further design and promote innovative agricultural insurance. From a national perspective, 31 provinces in China are divided into four agricultural insurance development regions according to the level of economic development and agricultural development by cluster analysis. Then panel data model is used to analyse the impact of national and four regions agricultural insurance on agricultural production value. The empirical results show that the gross value of agricultural production is positively and significantly affected by agricultural insurance, planting area, loss ratio, and human capital.