The Pollution Abatement Costs and Expenditures (PACE) Survey provides the only comprehensive source of data on polluation costs by manufacturing facilities in the U.S. Collected historically by the Bureau of Census until 1994, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) National Center for Environmental Economics initiated an agreement with the Bureau of Census to reinstitute the survey with the collection of 1999 data. This paper provides a brief history of the survey, including uses of the data by the EPA. We then discuss the issues we encountered with regard to scope and measurement concerns when redesigning the 1999 survey. The paper concludes with thoughts regarding the future direction of the PACE survey at the EPA.