Filtration separates milk components for use as ingredients in new products or new manufacturing processes. Technology developments in filtration and new manufacturing processes are certain to shape the future of the dairy industry. Some ingredients, such as milk protein concentrate (MPC), casein and caseinate, are almost all imported due to lower prices in foreign markets. When domestic production becomes economically feasible, cooperatives are potential producers of milk protein ingredients, especially in the West region. Research and development, product development and marketing, acquiring manufacturing and processing technology and equity financing are cooperatives’ major challenges. A brief historical review of tomatoes shows how technology has caused profound changes to an industry that strikingly resembles milk.