The main body of household operation in the rural household contract responsibility system of our country has developed to the present stage, and has formed the situation that three kinds of rural households coexist, namely, ordinary rural households, major professional households and family farms. The agricultural production and operation of three kinds of household plays an important role in supporting the rapid development of modern agriculture in China. Under the new situation of deepening the rural reform and realizing the goal of well-off society in an all-round way, it is of great practical significance to make a thorough investigation and study on the present situation and approaches relating to the construction of the agricultural production and operation capacity for the three kinds of rural households.