The term "deregulation," used in reference to surface transportation, is a useful, one-word slogan representing a significant increase in commercial freedom for the transportation industries. However, the term does not imply an institutional shift from the current, regulated, common carrier structure to a completely unregulated, competitive market structure. When. constructing the Staggers Rail Act of 1980 and the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, Congress had .no intention to terminate surface transportation regulation. The intent was to loosen the grip of government rules, allowing carriers, and shippers to respond more fully to opportunities available in an increasingly- competitive market environment.