This report describes socioeconomic changes in local economies following closure of a military base. Comparisons are drawn between effects in nonmetro and metro counties, and between counties experiencing a base-closing and all other counties. Despite extreme variation in economic growth among base-closing counties, three intriguing conclusions are found: 1) job losses tended to constitute a higher percentage of total employment in nonmetro counties than in metro counties; 2) of the 83 base-closing counties studied, one-third did not regain as many civilian jobs as were lost; 3) growth rates for employment, income, and population were slower in the average nonmetro base-closing county than in both the average metro base-closing county and the average nonmetro county nationwide.