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Abstract
The Rock Creek, ID, project of the experimental Rural Clean Water Program may improve recreational fishing and hunting, reduce costs of removing sediment from irrigation ditches, and slightly lower the cost of hydroelectric plant maintenance. The project is also providing cost, tax, and long-term yield benefits to farmers. Total economic benefits, including onfarm benefits, may exceed costs, but water quality benefits alone may not unless substantial additional implementation of conservation tillage occurs among program participants. Conservation tillage is the most costeffective practice, while improved irrigation structures are the least cost effective.