This study analyzed government intervention in the agricultural sectors of the market-oriented countries most active in trade. Levels of assistance or taxation to agricultural producers and to consumers in the form of domestic farm programs and agricultural trade barriers, which are measured by parameters known as producer and consumer subsidy equivalents, were calculated for 1982-84. Findings reveal a tendency for less-developed nations to assist consumers and for developed nations to assist producers. Food grain, dairy product, and sugar producer assistance tended to be higher than assistance to other producers. Results for individual countries and individual commodities gauge the mission facing the new round of multinational trade negotiations to reduce protectionism.