This study evaluated the impact of the Green-Blue Municipality Program on the number of hospitalizations regarding air quality and number of disease cases due to contact with or consumption of contaminated water in the S o Paulo State, Brazil from 2007 to 2015. For that purpose, the Propensity Score Matching and Difference-in-Differences approach were the strategies used for identification. The main results showed no significant reduction in the cases of diseases related to polluted water and air quality in municipalities in the S o Paulo State. We find that environmental policy-makers at the state of S o Paulo need to improve the program focus, making the economic benefits clearer and, consequently, contributing positively to the environmental and public health policy management. Acknowledgement :