The study discusses the growth and importance of trade in agricultural products between Canada and the United States. It describes in detail a number of non tariff measures and policies which tend to restrict trade flows between the two countries. While no attempt has been made to quantify the impacts of non tariff barriers, evidence presented indicates that there has been a gradual drift toward the use of non tariff restraints as tariff rates have declined. Primary non tariff restraints come from the use of quotas, licenses, and embargoes. As economic conditions worsen, there is concern that the momentum developed toward freer trade through GATT will become perilously eroded by the increased use of non tariff barriers.