China's listed banks are very important to China's entire stock market and banking industry, and even to China’s GDP, and the study of their competitiveness is of great significance. The ranking of competitiveness and how to improve the competitiveness are important topics of in-depth studies. Among listed banks, Agricultural Bank of China is particularly worthy of attention due to its close relationship with agriculture. Related domestic studies mainly include design of evaluation indicators of listed banks, recommendations for improving the competitiveness of listed banks, and factor analysis on the competitiveness of listed banks. Through extracting the concept of differentiated competitiveness from works of scholars in other fields, this paper explained the competition pattern of China’s listed banks. Finally, it came up with recommendations for Agricultural Bank of China improving its differentiated competitiveness.