EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This paper analyzes differences in productivity, profitability and labor use for four major crops produced in Myanmar’s Dry Zone, namely monsoon paddy, dry season paddy, sesame, and groundnut, comparing farmers using mechanized land preparation relative to use of animal draft power alone, and comparing farmers using mechanized harvesting/threshing relative to manual or mixed techniques. Analysis is based on data collected by the Rural Economy and Agriculture in the Dry Zone survey (READZ) from 1,578 rural households in four townships in Myanmar’s central Dry Zone in 2017 (see Belton et al., 2017).