Common groundwater management concerns that are driving policy change worldwide include aquifer depletion, surface water-groundwater interaction, and water quality degradation. This article discusses recent innovations in groundwater quantity management from around the northern and central High Plains region of the United States, where much of the policy change has occurred at a local level. There are several principles underlying the development of new groundwater management tools. Local and stakeholder input are common, generally effective, and are often more politically feasible than top-down regulations. Evidence is emerging that the behavioral and signaling aspects of policy have been effective in changing producer behavior.