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Abstract
If consumers wholly or partially control a
rm with market power they will charge less than the pro
t maximising price. Starting at the usual monopoly price, a small price reduction will have a second order e¤ect on pro
ts but a
rst order e¤ect on consumer surplus. Despite this desirable static result, it has been argued that cooperatives are vulnerable to take-over by outsiders who will run them as for-pro
t businesses. This paper studies takeovers of cooperatives. We argue that cooperatives are in fact quite stable due to the Grossman-Hart problem of free riding during takeovers.