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Abstract
The literature on the use of dierential commodity taxessubsidies and that on quan tity controls to supplement income taxation have developed separately from each other The purpose of this paper is to combine these two strands in the standard framework of optimal nonlinear income taxation We start from a simple model in which there are two types of households the government has access to both subsidy policy and public provision of a good substitutable with leisure and households can supplement the publicly provided good from the market We present conditions when optimal policy should involve a mix of these two instruments alongside income taxa tion or only one of them We also consider alternative settings including the extension to many types of households and the inability of households to supplement inkind transfers