The researches about agricultural modernization have been carried out a long time. Since the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), there have been fundamental changes in China’s agricultural policies. The works of three rural issues with the development of modern agriculture rapidly became the main topic. The practice promoted researches of agricultural modernization in the connotation, characteristics, path selection, and indicator system construction. With the introduction of simultaneous development of "four modernizations" and coordinated development of "five modernizations", the theoretical researches of China's agricultural modernization have been provided with new connotations. In the existing achievements of "four modernizations" and "five modernizations" containing agricultural modernization, the characteristics, paths, indicator system and evaluation methods of agricultural modernization are constantly enriched. Through sorting out the theoretical achievements in the researches about agricultural modernization since the 16th CPC National Congress of the CPC, this paper explored the new characteristics, new paths and new indicator system of agricultural modernization, to provide reference for the further transformation and upgrading of China’s agriculture and the formulation of relevant policies.