The events of the September 11th 2001 terrorist attack in the United States along with food scares worldwide, have heightened the interest in protecting the Caribbean food supply chain, since it represents a tempting target for bioterrorists. Food terrorism could pose both severe public health and economic impacts. The best defense against food security threats is a real, proactive commitment to food safety. Food security and food safety share an integrated goal of 'prevention to protect' whether the threat/risk is intentional or accidental. Caribbean countries would need to consider a wider range of food security issues from their domestic production and look beyond their trading partners to assure food safety. This paper identifies some potential biological and chemical risks on food safety, steps that could be taken to enhance food security and the impact of the US Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 on food trade for Caribbean countries.