In the process of social and economic development in China, there appears the inevitable problem of crime of left-behind children. Extensive researches and disputes prove that it is, to a greater extent, a social phenomenon resulted from social factors. It is recommended to improve the treatment of migrant workers and solve the problem of school admission for their children, provide effective legal education for those left-behind children whose problem can not be solved in a short term, and supplement the guardianship role to control the crime rate of left-behind children. Another more effective method is to resume effective control of people’s social life through the rural cultural tradition, to fundamentally prevent crime of left-behind children.