The purpose of the article theoretical and practical aspects of increasing productivity in the agricultural enterprises of the theoretical foundations of productivity – essential characteristics of the economy. Increase productivity provides increased real product and income, and therefore it is an important indicator of economic growth. The study includes defining the essence of productivity, and methods of its determination. The article compared the methodology for determining productivity and defined benefit cost method. The analysis of labor productivity in the agricultural enterprises of the Kharkiv region. The dynamics of gross output, the average number of workers and labor productivity, which gave an idea of the trend in productivity. Also calculated indexes of labor productivity in agricultural enterprises. The main ways of increasing productivity. Presented stages of program performance management and defined their role in increasing productivity.