The paper analyzes the impact of scientific and technological progress on the environment and the impact of biotechnology and eco – technology in agricultural development strategy, based on the rational use of natural resources. The key problem in the application of technological developments in agriculture is based on creating the optimal interdependence of the development of the biotechnology and of eco - technology on one hand and optimal use of natural agricultural resources from the other. Special emphasis is placed on the development of "friendly" technologies that have a positive impact on the ecology and the escalation of development and economic opportunities. On this basis, the sustainable development of agriculture is an essential foundation for achieving and directing the production of biologically valuable and quality agricultural products.