China has strengthened dairy food safety management with both industrial and trade policies since the melamine incident of 2008. Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) measures constitute the majority of non-tariff measures (NTMs) for China’s dairy imports. Both Trade Restrictiveness Indexes (TRIs) and Overall Trade Restrictiveness Indexes (OTRIs) pertaining to SPS measures are greater than tariff rates for China’s dairy imports. The top ten countries that export dairy to China experienced different levels of market access barriers, depending on whether they export concentrated milk or cream. SPS related measures are essential for China to develop a safe dairy industry. Supplying China with safe and high quality dairy goods is the best method for dairy exporters to overcome barriers of China’s SPS measures.