In this paper, a brief overview on different economic aspects of greenhouse gas emission abatement in European agriculture is given. Three different typologies of emission mitigation approaches are defined and analysed from a modelling perspective: structural, management and technological measures. Their practical implementation in the CAPRI model is then presented and some selected model results used to analyse the following questions: what is the effect of emission abatement regulation on European agriculture? Are there any indirect environmental benefits to be expected from current CAP reform?