This article adopts a quantile regression model to assess the impacts of multiple drivers on agricultural land conversion. The key findings include that (1) the significance and magnitude of influences vary by the current conversion status; overall, drivers have larger effects in the higher quantile ranges (corresponding to areas that have experienced more extensive conversions); (2) Land suitability for agricultural uses is significant only in the mature cities and their surrounding areas; and (3) Road construction is a main determinant for farmland conversion. Results from this study contribute to a better understanding of the agricultural land conversion issue and have important implications for designing tailored policies for specific municipalities under different levels of conversion pressure and at different locations.