The article attempts to assess changes in the level of agricultural incomes per full-time working person in the European Union in general and in individual Member States. Previous studies have confirmed a significant role of agricultural incomes in shaping the productive behaviors of agricultural producers. Studies suggest that farmers’ incomes are dependent on many factors, not just the market. An increasing impact on their formation is agricultural policy and political factors. The study confirmed the occurrence of variability of income. They have also shown that under the same external (non-European) conditions, different countries have different directions and scale of changes in the income of the rural population. This means that in the same year in some countries, this revenue increase, in other fell. In most of the Member States, including Poland, in the years 2005-2014 was observed positive long-term trends shaping the agricultural income per full-time working person in agriculture.