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Abstract
This article is a fast review on the heterogeneity of Brazilian agriculture debate.
It was demonstrated that this is a historically verified condition in our rural areas and
can be found in other agricultural sectors, more technical or more labor intensive. Beyond
the heterogeneity, public policy must turn its attention to reducing inequalities that have
their causes related to differential access to factors of production and the low capacity of the
producers to obtain net gains from their holdings. It is recommended the adoption of simple
actions related to technical assistance, extension, credit to produce and trade.