The introduction of P. erosus cultivation in Benin is for producers an alternative to improve their cropping system and for the population to improve their food system. Therefore, to remove the different constraints related to P. erosus adoption, this study has analyzed the perceptions of producers and the economic performances of P. erosus introduced in Southern and Center Benin. The data were collected from fifty eight (58) producers in 2011-2012, seventy three (73) in 2012-2013 and fifty nine (59) who have experienced P. erosus production. Analyses were made using the margin calculation methodology, the productivity calculation methodology, Kendall’s T tests and cost function modeling. The results revealed that P. erosus production is very profitable with a net margin of Fcfa /ha 2,064,284.63 /ha against Fcfa/ha 192,152.01 /ha, Fcfa/ha 551,900.93 /ha and Fcfa/ha 109,351.28 /ha respectively for cassava, sweet potato and maize.