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Abstract

Low-income and low-access (LILA) households’ expenditures on healthy food away from home are analyzed by retailer type using the USDA’s National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey. Based on the results of Vuong model selection tests, the lognormal double-hurdle model is used to estimate households’ healthy food away from home (FAFH) participation and expenditures at four retailer types: supermarkets, convenience retailers, quick-service restaurants and full-service restaurants. Results indicate that LILA households are more likely to purchase healthy FAFH from convenience retailers than non-LILA households. Participating LILA households also have greater overall expenditures on healthy FAFH. This relationship is particularly pronounced at quick-service restaurants, where participating LILA households spend 15% more than non-LILA households on healthy FAFH. Other significant findings include that households’ healthy FAFH participation and expenditure decisions at each retailer type vary based on nutritional knowledge and time constraints, as well as other basic demographic, economic and geographic factors.

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