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Abstract
Integrated development programmes were implemented m many Latin American countries m the
1970s m response to the failures of industrialization policies to allevtate poverty. A massive integrated rural
development programme in Brazil's Northeast is assessed with respect to its production, employment, and mcome
effects. Exports, import substitution, and commercial crop and livestock production expanded. Employment effects
were meagre and negatively correlated wtth income; coupled with technological and crop mix changes, labour is
displaced. Income effects are skewed, remforcmg inequalities in rural income. Integrated rural development
programmes in Brazil have thus sped up capitalist development) maintainrng the inequalities of Latin Amen can
economic growth represented on the one hand by rural poverty and underemployment and on the other by a
worsening of urban conditions Ill slum areas.