Brazilian economy, which is currently the sixth largest in the world. The sector is responsible for 27% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Moreover, it also accounts for nearly 40% of the values generated in the export and employs around 26% of the economically active population of the country. The objective of this paper is to present and discuss updated information regarding the importance of the main products of the agribusiness sector to the Brazilian economy. Special attention was given to the beef and soybean chain. The perspective and challenges of the sector are briefly presented.