Using a panel data set for about 70 countries, this paper jointly analyzes agri-investment trends and food security developments in vulnerable countries. This work empirically connects two mainly independent debates about impacts of agri-investments on food security and on the proposed responsible investment policy frameworks and its contribution to achieve food security. The results indicate the special relevance of private investments, domestic or foreign. The domestic situation in target countries in terms of governance is relevant: Good governance supports food security. The findings underline the importance of the recently developed responsible investments guidelines as they shall contribute that investments maintain their potential positive influence on economic development and food security.