The development of sweet potato industry in Fuyang City takes on following characteristics: increase in planting area of specialized households and professional cooperatives; increase in production input and yield; constant optimization of planting varieties; diversified planting modes. Sweet potato industry has made significant contribution to Fuyang City: (1) enriching types of agricultural products and promoting healthy diet; (2) driving development of agricultural product processing industry and increasing the employment rate of rural labor; (3) increasing financial revenue and rate of export-making foreign exchange of agricultural products; (4) increasing farmers’ income and promoting new socialist countryside construction. In line with comparative advantages and existing problems of sweet potato industry in Fuyang City, it presents corresponding industrial development recommendations.