Kosovo, like most of rural Central and Eastern Europe, has witnessed
substantial out-migration in recent years, prompting debates on the effect of
migration on agricultural efficiency. This paper addresses this issue, drawing on
a large (n=2217) and representative sample of agricultural households. A twostage
estimation procedure is followed: a frontier technique to estimate the
effect of migration on farm efficiency, followed by a propensity score based
matching approach to robustly estimate the sample average effect on efficiency
for different levels of migration intensity. Migration has an efficiency
decreasing effect which is amplified for better educated and older workers.
