A Incorporação de Corredores de Conectividade no Manejo de Florestas Industriais Utilizando a Heurística da RazãoR

Planning models that connect natural forests through corridors formed by industrial forests result in combinatorial mathematical problems that are difficult to solve and demand special techniques. The main objective of this paper is to apply, improve and evaluate the performance of a heuristic method named R-ratio (NOBRE and RODRIGUEZ, 2005), developed to solve forest planning problems that consider exclusively binary variables and are formulated as a model Type I harvest scheduling problem (JOHNSON and SCHEURMAN, 1977 apud CLUTTER et al., 1992, p. 281). The solution’s connectivity deficit was evaluated by a recursive algorithm based on the Graph Theory and dynamic programming techniques. A farm of industrial forest that supplies round wood to a pulp wood company in the State of São Paulo was used as a study case. The method was effective in creating feasible solutions after a few number of interactions, showing inefficiency only in the computational time required. The objective function values of the solutions provided by the heuristic vary from 99.71% to 99.83% of the optimal solution found by a mixed integer linear programming, with an average of 48 interactions.