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Abstract
By using factor analysis method and establishing analysis indicator system from four aspects including crop production, poultry farming, rural life and township enterprises, the difference, features, and types of factors influencing the rural environmental pollution in the hilly area in Sichuan Province, China. Results prove that the major factor influencing rural environmental pollution in the study area is livestock and poultry breeding, flowed by crop planting, rural life, and township enterprises. Hence future pollution prevention and control should set about from livestock and poultry breeding. Meanwhile, attention should be paid to prevention and control of rural environmental pollution caused by rural life and township enterprise production.