Taking the SCP mode of industrial organization theory as the starting point, the paper analyzes Chinese agricultural market structure, market behavior and performance and draw lessons from foreign experiences in developing agriculture. In the process of agricultural industrialization, Chinese agricultural development exists the problems of low intensive degree, low degree of differential products, surplus labor forces, low agricultural profit rate and low industrial contribution rate and farmers’ difficultly in adapting to market competition. The paper puts forward some suggestions for addressing the problems, which include underpinning the cooperation of operation main bodies and developing rural cooperative organizations; promoting land transfer and clarifying land property; accelerating rural surplus labors transfer and abating trade barriers; increasing technology input and improving the contribution rate of technologies; improving circulation channels and intensifying agricultural competitiveness.