Taking Shunping County of Hebei Province as an example，according to the relevant survey data in the year 2008 after returning cultivated land and data in the year 2001 before returning cultivated land, the thesis analyzes the impact of implementation of project of returning cultivated land to forests on local land use structure, three industrial added value and famers’ per capita income. The results show that returning cultivated land has played a certain positive role on the local economic development and the improvement of people’s life level．However, there are also some shortcomings: although famers’ income is increasing with low growth rate, a large portion of famers still have not shaken off poverty; the farmers depends on subsidies greatly and the compensation mechanism of returning cultivated land is not considered well. China should further perfect the ecological compensation plan, and build rational ecological compensation mechanism in order to make the areas of returning cultivated land have self-blood-producing function; Shunping County should make full use of the location advantage in areas around Beijing-Tianjin, develop deep processing based on fruit trees industry, strengthen farmers’ skill training, and increase input in the agricultural infrastructure construction to propel the sustainable development of agriculture.