@article{Yeboah:98726,
      recid = {98726},
      author = {Yeboah, Osei-Agyeman and Gunden, Cihat and Shaik, Saleem  and Allen, Albert J. and Li, Tongzhe},
      title = {Measurements of Agricultural Productivity and Efficiency  Gains from NAFTA},
      address = {2011},
      number = {1371-2016-108929},
      pages = {12},
      year = {2011},
      abstract = {The primary objective of this study is to empirically  determine whether North American Free Trade Agreement  (NAFTA) has contributed to increased agricultural  productivity in any of its member countries. Implementation  of the NAFTA began on January 1, 1994. This agreement  removed most barriers to trade and investment among the  United States, Canada, and Mexico, in which all non-tariff  barriers to agricultural trade between these countries were  eliminated. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the  Malmquist Productivity Index were used to estimate the  total factor productivity change, technical change, and  efficiency change of agricultural production for each NAFTA  country. Then, using time series data, the efficiency  changes in countries were compared to determine whether  NAFTA has been beneficial to the agricultural sector of a  member country. , Total factor productivity, technical  change, and efficiency change of agricultural production in  NAFTA countries were analyzed for the period 1980-2007, and  then a comparison between pre- and post-NAFTA periods was  also made. In the analysis, aggregate agricultural  production was used as the output, and five variables were  considered as the inputs, which included: land, labor,  capital, fertilizer and livestock. The results revealed  that the average annual total factor productivity increased  by 1.6 percent during the 1980-2007 period for NAFTA  countries, mainly coming from technical change. Total  factor productivity did not change obviously during the  pre-NAFTA period. In contrast, it increased by 2.7 percent  due to technical improvements in post-NAFTA period.  Consequently, it is noticeable that compared to the  pre-NAFTA period, the countries especially Mexico performed  better by achieving higher levels of productivity in  agricultural production.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/98726},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.98726},
}