One of the key elements of effective financial banking management is the ability to quickly identify and determine the degree of risk a bank faces as a result of hazardous actions it undertakes. The rules of the market research existing in the Polish banking system for more than two years are based on regulations adopted by the European Parliament. The present article discusses the risks and their significance in the total capital requirement when calculating the solvency ratio. The analysis of the period from June 2007 to June 2009 shows that credit risk and operational risk exert the greatest impact on the value of the bank solvency ratio.