@article{Wijnands:7759,
      recid = {7759},
      author = {Wijnands, Jo H.M. and van der Lans, Karin and Hobbs, Jill  E.},
      title = {International Flower Networks: Transparency and Risks in  Marketing Channel Choice},
      address = {2006},
      number = {737-2016-50896},
      series = {Seminar Paper},
      pages = {11},
      year = {2006},
      abstract = {Two thirds of Kenyan cut flowers are marketed through  Dutch flower auctions, while the remainder is marketed  directly to retailers. Auctions do not restrict the volumes  marketed; however price determination is based on a spot  market. A Transaction Cost approach is used to investigate  the differences in marketing costs between the channels.  The results suggest that there are no differences between  the channels in terms of uncertainty about prices, finding  buyers or transparency of quality standards. Auction  growers pay a higher marketing fee but they have  significantly fewer office employees and flower varieties  compared to growers who market directly.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/7759},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.7759},
}