@article{DeCian:50403,
      recid = {50403},
      author = {De Cian, Enrica},
      title = {Factor-Augmenting Technical Change: An Empirical  Assessment},
      address = {2009},
      number = {838-2016-55765},
      series = {SD},
      pages = {35},
      year = {2009},
      abstract = {Starting from a system of factor demands, an empirical  model that allows estimating factor-augmenting technical  change is derived. Factor-augmenting technical change is  defined as the improvement in factor productivities that  can occur either exogenously or endogenously, with changes  in other macroeconomic variables. This paper provides  additional estimates for the substitution possibilities  among inputs and it offers new empirical evidence on the  direction and sources of factor-augmenting technical  change, an issue that has not yet been explored by the  empirical literature on growth determinants. The empirical  findings suggest that technical change is directed.  Technical change tends to be more energy-saving than  capital- and labour-saving. Both R&D investments and  international trade are important determinants of growth in  energy and capital productivity whereas technical change  for labour is positively related to education expenditure.  Therefore, the sources of factor-augmenting technical  change go beyond R&D investments, as proposed in the theory  of directed technical change, and they differ across  inputs. In other words, not only is technical change  directed, the sources of factor-augmenting technical change  appear to be input specific.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/50403},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.50403},
}