@article{Huang:49946,
      recid = {49946},
      author = {Huang, Zuhui and Zhang, Jing and Chen, Kevin Z.},
      title = {China Pear Value Chain: Implication for Smallholders},
      address = {2009},
      number = {1005-2016-79313},
      series = {Contributed Paper},
      pages = {16},
      year = {2009},
      abstract = {The objective of this paper is to describe different types  of value chain, to capture value added activities of each  chain, to discuss the organizational and institutional link  in each value chain and its implications for the role of  small farmers. We focus on two counties in Hebei and  Zhejiang of China. Taking pear for example, analysis of  value chain is conducted using data of representative  samples of pear value chain. For each chain, value added  activities, cost composition, profit distribution,  organizational and institutional linkages are illustrated,  and corresponding conclusions are indicated. After a  systematic analysis of organizational and institutional  linkage and value adding activities of every chain as well  as cost-benefit analysis of smallholders, we found that:  value-added of each value chain are different, smallholders  hardly benefit from value chains of Hebei case. Farmer  cooperatives are helpful for smallholders in terms of costs  reducing and value adding. Influence of modern retailers  such as supermarket in term of tradition fruit growers is  limited in our cases. Downstream stage took most profit of  value adding. Comprehensive supermarket is less competitive  than professional fruit supermarket and even small fruit  store in terms of procurement costs and operating costs.  Taking household labor cost into account, net profit and  labor compensation of large scale household are higher than  that of middle or small scale farmers.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/49946},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.49946},
}