Three organisms carried out studies on wheat costs of production in three regions where cereals production is quite important. Methods of calculation are not exactly the same but similar enough to compare the conclusions. Results showed a steady increase in total cost of production and since 1984 a decrease of the net income due to the sharp decrease of the price of wheat within EEC. It results from this, that capital and familly labour are no more payed for at their right value ; the consequence may be, in the future, the evasion of these factors towards other fields of activities.