Intensification or decline ? - Intensification at farm level is for the agroindustry, a choice vastly conditioned by the markets economic organization and the level of protection they enjoy. The margin left to the industrial sector remains however very narrow taking into account the fact that it is excluded from the main political decisions and from the official development schemes. In fact, the discussion over the intensification has hidden the real problem which is: the necessary modernization of the French farms taking into account reliable technical economic data, which unfortunately still do not exist.