Objective: To analyze the productive development performed by two aquatic species of recent introduction in Mexico, the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), arguing their potential under mono- and poly-culture systems.Design/Methodology/Scope: The bibliographic meta-analysis was developed searching information on the internet, and is presented in a chronological manner with the analysis of the technological, social and political dimensions, visualizing the benefits and advantages of applying the polyculture production system.Results: A data base on the development of the tilapia-freshwater prawn polyculture in our country was obtained. Mexico presents the required physical characteristics for both species productions. Thus, polyculture allows the use of the same infrastructure, resulting in a better productivity and income.Limitations of the study/implications: Polyculture information registered on electronic media was scarce.Findings/Conclusions: The polyculture production of the Malaysian prawn and tilapia is a profitable option for the aquaculture producer in tropical areas of Mexico.
