The successfull experimentation of « network restructuration » such as the cotton operation since 1986 mean that the organisation and the institutions play a great role in the development. Therefore the question would be less to work again on the market rules in face of the state distorsions than to make efficient organisation appear that would allow learning by doing. This article set out some contribution of the institutionnal « meso economy » as far as networks are concerned and secondly see the application to the cotton network in Africa.
