The present extention of World hunger is today beyond dispute. The reaction of the powers is to increase the aid and the technology transfer to the Thrid World. However, to improve the nutrition situation it is not enough to produce more : advanced farm techniques even though they increase production also aggravate hunger as they leave many farmers out of work and deprive them of every control of production means. The essential increase of returns in farm production in the Southern countries does not necessarily imply the use of foreign inputs and techniques as a great number of cases habe shown. However, if the Southern countries refuse our technology, the exchange system with the North would have to be seriously altered and imply drastic changes of our economy.