The assumptions of the European Green Deal include a provision assuming that by 2030, 25% of agricultural land in the European Union (EU) should be covered by organic production. Statistical data indicate that by 2020, the area of organic cropland in EU countries increased, which was partly due to the increase in demand for organic food. Nevertheless, various conditions after 2020 led to a change in the situation of organic farming in the EU. The aim of the study was to assess selected factors of plant and animal organic agricultural production in selected EU countries. The research used comparative analysis and the monographic method, and the analysis included data provided by the European Commission from 2015–2020. The research results showed that the largest area of organic crops among EU countries was characterized by France, Spain and Italy, respectively. France stood out from the other countries analyzed in terms of the size of the organic area of cereals, green plants and fruits, as well as the size of the poultry, pig and cattle population. In Germany, a particularly large area of cereals and a high number of dairy cows and cattle with an organic certificate were noted. It was also found that, taking into account the size and possibilities of EU countries, the potential for organic food production is in most cases unused, and a significant share of organic farming in total agriculture was noted only in Austria. The study supplements the literature on the subject and fills the cognitive gap in the scope of current data and enables the assessment of the use of potential development opportunities in relation to organic farming in the EU. Recognizing current trends in individual directions of organic agricultural production can help decision-makers in creating an effective strategy that is more of an application than theoretical nature. In addition, the issues presented in the article can inspire managers and managers of agricultural production in the decision-making process focused on the optimal allocation of resources, which can contribute to the improvement of the natural environment and the quality of life in rural areas.
