The article concerns the issues related to post-war migrations to the Western and Northern Lands, using Żuławy as an example, as well as their consequences for agriculture. It focuses on the issues of the development of the region by new settlers and the changes taking place in the cultural and social landscape. Attention is drawn to the specificity and economic conditions of the region before 1945, as well as agricultural settlement, agrarian and social structure after that date. Post-war agriculture in the region is presented in relation to the cultural heritage presented in scientific literature, the memories of the first settlers – written in the form of diaries in the early 1970s – and biographical accounts recorded by the author in Żuławy in 2018.